Los microorganismos asociados a los insectos y su aplicación en la agricultura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/codeic.16076079e.2019.v20n1.a2Palabras clave:
insectos, intestino, microorganismo, simbiosis, excrementoResumen
Los insectos representan el grupo de animales más numeroso y ampliamente distribuido, en parte debido a su asociación con el variadísimo conjunto de microorganismos que viven dentro de su intestino (microbiota intestinal). Estos microorganismos benefician enormemente a sus hospedadores, mediante una simbiosis nutricional que, al regular su fisiología y desarrollo, los protege frente a patógenos y sustancias nocivas o colabora en tareas comunicativas. Ya que los insectos y plantas llevan conviviendo y evolucionando conjuntamente millones de años, la microbiota de ambos organismos también presenta características a tener en cuenta en lo que a la agricultura se refiere, como son la producción de hormonas vegetales, la fijación y solubilización de nutrientes, o la modulación de las respuestas de defensa de las plantas.
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