El cigarrillo electrónico. Mitos y realidades. Segunda parte
Palabras clave:
Sistemas Electrónicos de Administración de Nicotina, SEAN, cigarrillos electrónicos, efectos en la salud, dañoResumen
Recientemente se ha presentado un crecimiento explosivo de consumidores de los Sistemas Electrónicos de Administración de Nicotina (sean), entre los cuales los cigarrillos electrónicos son los más comunes. Al principio, su uso se recomendaba para dejar de fumar, pero actualmente se han consolidado como una vía a través de la que niños y adolescentes se inician en la adicción a la nicotina. Asimismo, muchos adultos fumadores de cigarrillos de tabaco también los consumen, creando lo que se conoce como fumador dual. Lo peor es que son el vehículo para la inhalación de aceite de Cannabis, vitaminas liposolubles como la E, múltiples colorantes, saborizantes y aceites esenciales, además de drogas como el fentanilo.
Se cuenta con un gran número de evidencias clínicas y epidemiológicas de los efectos adversos que pueden generar los sean: daño pulmonar agudo, inflamación de garganta, tos seca, infecciones virales. A largo plazo, su empleo incrementa el riesgo de Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (epoc) e infartos al miocardio. Aunado a esto, la tercera generación de sean cuenta con pilas de más alto voltaje, que tienen mayor probabilidad de explotar, provocando daños graves como fracturas, quemaduras y pérdida de falanges.
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