Development of Nanostructured Aluminum Alloys by Severe Plastic Deformation with Well-Enhanced Mechanical Properties
Keywords:
nanostructure, aluminum alloys, grain refinement, high-pressure torsion, high strength, age-hardeningAbstract
The production of bulk nanostructured metals by severe plastic deformation (SPD) has gained much interest in recent years because of the capability to produce very fine microstructures using a top-down approach, which results in materials that are free from porosity and impurities. Aluminum is a good application of SPD because it is easy to process a wide range of alloys. In this study, Al alloys containing different contents of Fe were processed by High-Pressure Torsion (HPT), which is the most popular technique of SPD. The grain size of the Al matrix was refined down to ~130 nm and the secondary phases were partially dissolved and fragmented into particles with a size well below 1 μm. Hence, the Al-2 wt%Fe alloy is significantly strengthened from the as-cast condition with reasonable ductility, which results in superior mechanical properties when compared to high strength commercial Al alloys. The high strength results from the effect of the ultrafine-grained Al matrix as well as finely dispersed particles. Additional strengthening was achieved when artificial aging was carried out at 200 °C due to precipitation nano-sized coherent and semi-coherent Al6Fe and Al3Fe particles in the peak-aged condition.
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